فصلنامه علمی کارافن

فصلنامه علمی کارافن

شبیه‌سازی رفتار حرارتی بام سبز در اقلیم‌های معتدل و مرطوب (Cfa) (مورد پژوهی: شهرهای رشت، دوربان، توکیو، کوتائیسی، هیوستون، بوینوس آیرس، بریسبین و تریسته)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی (کاربردی)

نویسندگان
1 گروه معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه فنی و حرفه‌ای، تهران، ایران.
2 دانشکده محیط زیست، کالج علوم، دانشگاه مسی، پردیس البانی، اوکلند، نیوزیلند.
3 دانشجوی دکتری معماری، پردیس بین‌الملل کیش، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
امروزه مشکلات زیست محیطی، موجب توجه بیشتر مسئولین بر توسعۀ پایدار شهری و برنامه‌ریزی، سیاست‌گذاری و توسعه بر اساس این مهم شده است. لذا با توجه به توسعۀ شهرنشینی و تعدد ساختمان‌های شهری، طراحی آنها طبق الگوهای معماری سبز تأثیر به‌سزایی بر پایداری شهرها، به‌ویژه در کلان‌شهرها خواهد داشت. بخشی از عناصر اساسی طراحی زیست‌اقلیمی، سیستم‌های خورشیدی غیرفعال هستند که بر کالبد ساختمان‌ها قرار گرفته و از منابع محیطی برای ایجاد گرمایش، سرمایش و روشنایی در ساختمان‌ها استفاده می‌کنند. بام سبز به‌عنوان یکی از سیستم‌های ساختمانی غیرفعال که بر خرد اقلیم و تعادل میان گرمای محسوس و نامحسوس محیط اثر قابل توجهی دارد به عنوان یک راهکار طراحی زیست اقلیمی نیز شناخته می‌شود. هدف اساسی این مطالعه در ابتدا شناخت راهکارهای معماری زیست‌اقلیمی در شهر رشت با اقلیم معتدل و مرطوب است. در این پژوهش برای استخراج راهبردها از نمودار زیست‌اقلیمی و جدول ماهونی بهره‌گیری شده است. پس از آن، برای تعمیم این استراتژی‌ها در سایر حوزه‌های اقلیمی معتدل، اثر حرارتی بام سبز در شهرهای، توکیو، کوتایسی، هیوستون، بوینوس آیرس، بریسبین و تریسته به‌صورت شبیه‌سازی با نرم‌افزار Design Builder با فرض ثابت بودن مشخصات بنا ارزیابی شدند. نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که شهر رشت با اتلاف حرارتی سالانه 1868- کیلووات بر ساعت توانست عملکرد مناسب‌تری را در مقایسه با سایر حوزه‌های اقلیمی از خود نشان دهد. همچنین مشاهده شد که بام سبز توانست عملکرد مناسب‌تری را در 6 ماه اول در رشت داشته است. این مقدار در 6 ماه اول حدود 650- کیلووات بر ساعت و در 6 ماه دوم حدود 1215- کیلووات بر ساعت است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Simulation of Thermal Behavior of Green Roofs in Humid Climates (Cfa): Rasht, Durban, Tokyo, Kutaisi, Houston, Buenos Aires, Brisbane and Trieste

نویسندگان English

Najmeh Masteri Farahani 1
Abdollahi Baghaei Daemei 2
Masoumeh Mazandarani 3
1 Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Technical and Vocational University (TVU), Tehran, Iran.
2 School of Built Environment, College of Science, Massey university, Albany campus, Aukland, New Zealand.
3 PhD student in Architecture, Kish International Campus, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

Nowadays, environmental problems have caused the authorities to pay greater attention to sustainable urban development and planning, policymaking and development based on this importance. Therefore, according to the development of urbanization and the multiplicity of urban buildings, their design based on green architectural patterns will have a significant impact on the sustainability of cities, particularly in metropolises. Part of the basic elements of bioclimatic design are passive solar systems that are placed on the body of buildings and use environmental resources to create heating, cooling and lighting in buildings. The green roof as a passive building system which has a significant effect on the microclimate and the balance between the sensible and insensible heat of the environment is also known as a bioclimatic design solution. The main goal of this study was to determine the solutions to bioclimatic architecture in the city of Rasht with a moderate and humid climate. In this way, the bioclimatic chart and the Mahoney table were used to extract the strategies. Then, to generalize these strategies in other temperate climate areas, the thermal effect of green roofs in the cities of Durban (South Africa), Tokyo (Japan), Kutaisi (Georgia), Houston (USA), Buenos Aires (Argentina), Brisbane (Australia) and Trieste (Italy) were evaluated by simulation with Design Builder software, assuming constant building specifications. The results showed that the city of Rasht with an annual heat loss of -1868 kilowatts per hour demonstrated better performance compared to other climatic areas. It was also observed that Bam Sabz was able to perform better in the first 6 months in Rasht. In the first 6 months, this amount was approximately -650 kilowatt hours and in the second 6 months it was approximately -1215 kilowatt hours.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Thermal Behavior
Green Roof
Humid Climate
Heat Transfer
Energy Simulation
Design Builder Software
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دوره 20، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 65
هنر و معماری / کشاورزی
زمستان 1402
صفحه 255-277

  • تاریخ دریافت 01 مهر 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری 29 آبان 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش 05 خرداد 1403