تحلیل فازی تأثیر منطق تصمیم‎گیری کارآفرینان بر نوآوری کسب‎و‎کار

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی (کاربردی)

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه کسب و کار جدید، دانشکده کارآفرینی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه کسب و کار جدید، دانشکده کارآفرینی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

3 استادیار، گروه کسب و کار جدید، دانشکده کارآفرینی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

4 استادیار، گروه مدیریت، دانشکده اقتصاد و مدیریت، دانشگاه صنعتی شریف، تهران، ایران.

10.48301/kssa.2022.360947.2275

چکیده

اثرسازی و علیت، نماینده دو نوع منطق تصمیم‎گیری کارآفرینان در فرایند کارآفرینی هستند. اثرسازی بر استفاده از ابزارهای موجود، کنترل آینده و انعطاف‌پذیری و شناسایی فرصت‌های بالقوه بازار در یک محیط پرابهام تأکید دارد. منطق علیت‌گرا بر برنامه‌ریزی رسمی، پیش‌بینی آینده و تحلیل رقابتی تمرکز دارد. پژوهش‌ها نشان می‌دهند که کسب‌وکارهای جدید، اغلب منابع نوآوری هستند ولی چنین شرکت‌هایی به‌ندرت قادر به سرمایه‌گذاری در فرایندهای پرهزینه هستند و در عوض از مسیرهای جایگزین برای تولید نوآوری استفاده می‌کنند. درواقع اقدامات نوآورانه کسب‌وکارها با به‌کارگیری رویکردهای اثرسازی و علیت و برای کاهش نبوداطمینان صورت می‌گیرد. بر این اساس این پژوهش بررسی می‌کند که چگونه تعاملات ترکیبی از اصول اثرسازی (شامل آزمایش­گری، زیان قابل‌تحمل، انعطاف‌پذیری و پیش‌تعهدات) و علیت، منجر به نوآوری کسب‌وکار می‌شود. در این مطالعه تحلیل مقایسه‌ای کیفی مجموعه فازی و پیکربندی‌هایی از ابعاد اثرسازی و علیت مرتبط با نوآوری کسب‌وکار بررسی‌ شده است. نمونه تحقیق شامل 145کارآفرین مستقر در پارک‌های علم و فناوری می‌باشد. نتایج، نشان‌دهنده هشت ترکیب از علیت و ابعاد اثرسازی است که به سطح بالایی از نوآوری منجر می‌شوند. نتایج نشان داد که هیچ شرطی به‌تنهایی برای نوآوری کسب‌وکار لازم نیست و کارآفرینان مستقر در پارک‌های علم و فناوری، از مؤلفه‌های اثرسازی و علیت در پیکربندی‌های پیچیده استفاده می‌کنند. در انتها پیشنهاد‌هایی برای مطالعات آتی ارائه ‌شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Fuzzy Analysis of the Effect of Entrepreneurs' Decision-Making Logic on Business Innovation

نویسندگان [English]

  • Taraneh Farokhmanesh 1
  • Gholamhossein Hosseininia 2
  • Ali Davari 3
  • Mohammad Jahanbakht 4
1 PhD Candidate, Department of New Business, Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2 Associated Professor, Department of new business, Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of New Business, Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Management, School of Management and Economics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Effectuation and causation represent two types of decision-making logic of entrepreneurs in the entrepreneurial process. Effectuation emphasizes using available means, controlling the future, flexibility, and identifying potential market opportunities in an uncertain context. Causal logic focuses on formal planning, predicting the future, and competitive analysis. Studies show that new ventures are often sources of innovation. However, such firms are rarely able to invest in costly processes and instead use alternative routes to generate innovation. Firms' innovative actions were carried out using the approaches of effectuation and causation to reduce uncertainty. This research examined how combined interactions of effectuation principles (including experimentation, affordable loss, flexibility, and pre-commitment) and causation lead to business innovation. In this study, the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) and configurations of the dimensions of effectuation and causation related to business innovation were investigated. The research sample included 145 entrepreneurs established in science and technology parks. The results showed eight combinations of causation and dimensions of effectuation that lead to a high level of innovation. Findings revealed that no single condition was necessary for business innovation, and entrepreneurs operating in science and technology parks use effectuation components and causation in complex configurations. Finally, recommendations for future studies were provided.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Effectuation Causation Decision
  • making logic Innovation fsQCA

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فصلنامه علمی کارافن
دوره 20، شماره 2
علوم انسانی
شهریور 1402
صفحه 65-81

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 26 شهریور 1401
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 21 آبان 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 06 آذر 1401

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