تحلیل تماتیک ابعاد و مؤلفه‌های آموزشی در توسعه آموزش‌های فنی وحرفه‌ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی (توسعه ای)

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت آموزشی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، اصفهان، ایران.

2 استادیار مدیریت آموزشی گروه آموزشی علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، اصفهان، ایران.

3 استادیار برنامه‌ریزی درسی، گروه آموزشی علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، اصفهان، ایران.

10.48301/kssa.2021.282824.1491

چکیده

هدف پژوهش حاضر تحلیل تماتیک ابعاد و مؤلفه­های آموزشی در توسعه‌ی آموزش‌های فنی و حرفه­ای بر اساس تجارب کشورهای منتخب می باشد لذا این پژوهش یک پژوهش کیفی است که با استفاده از تحلیل مضمون متون مرتبط از کشورهای منتخب به شناسایی ابعاد و مؤلفه­های آموزشی در توسعه‌ی آموزش‌های فنی و حرفه­ای می‌پردازد. واحد تحلیل، عبارتند از کلیه‌ی مقالات در پایگاه­ها و وب سایت­های معتبر و همچنین استفاده از کتاب‌های معتبر در زمینه‌ی توسعه‌ی آموزش‌های فنی و حرفه­ای و بر این اساس کل حوزه‌ی پژوهش 51 مورد مستندات شامل کتب و مقالات مندرج در پایگاه­ها و وب سایت­های معتبر در حوزه‌ی آموزش‌های فنی و حرفه­ای کشورهای منتخب می‌باشد که در فاصله‌ی زمانی سالهای 1983 الی 2020 در پایگاه‌های داده‌ی معتبر نمایه شده‌اند. کشورهای منتخبی که به صورت هدفمند انتخاب شده، عبارتند از: چین، آلمان، ژاپن، انگلستان و آمریکا  که دلیل انتخاب این کشورها پیشرو بودن آنها در زمینه‌ی آموزش‌های فنی و حرفه­ای می‌باشد.  جهت تحلیل داده­ها از روش پیشنهادی آتراید-استیرلینگ ( 2001) استفاده شده است. نتایج پژوهش نشان می‌دهد ابعاد و مؤلفه­های آموزشی که در توسعه‌ی آموزش‌های فنی و حرفه­ای نقش زیادی دارند و به طور کلی عبارتند از: توسعه‌ی مهارتی، تحول سیستم آموزشی، توسعه‌ی کارآموزی، تحول در جذب هنرجو، نیازسنجی، تحول در اهداف، تحول در محتوا، تحول در روش آموزش و تدریس و تحول در شیوه­های ارزشیابی می­باشد که هرکدام از این مؤلفه­ها نیز دارای بخش­های گوناگونی می­باشد و لذا بر اساس تجارب موفق کشورهای پیشرو، این عوامل که می­توانند از حیث آموزشی تاثیرات بسیار مثبتی را بر توسعه‌ی آموزش‌های فنی و حرفه­ای داشته باشند جهت تسهیل و ارتقای کیفیت آموزش‌های فنی حرفه­ای در کشور ما پیشنهاد می­گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Thematic Analysis of Educational Dimensions and Components in the Development of Vocational Technical Education

نویسندگان [English]

  • Jafar Sadeghifar 1
  • Narges Saeidian Khorasgani 2
  • Maryam Baratali 3
1 PhD Student in Educational Management, Department of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Isfahan, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor of Educational Management, Department of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Isfahan, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor of Curriculum Planning, Department of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Isfahan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The purpose of this study was thematic analysis of educational dimensions and components in the development of vocational technical education based on the experiences of selected countries. Therefore, this research employed a qualitative methodology using the content analysis of relevant texts from selected countries to identify the dimensions and components of education in the development of vocational technical education. The unit of analysis was based on all previous articles in reputable databases and websites as well as the use of authoritative books in the field of technical and vocational educational development. Accordingly, the total area of research was 51 items, including books and articles in reputable databases and websites in the field of technical vocational training in selected countries indexed in valid databases between 1983 and 2020. The countries that were purposefully selected were China, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States because they are leaders in technical and vocational education. The proposed Atrid-Stirling (2001) method was used to analyze the data. The results showed that the dimensions and components of education that play a major role in the development of technical and vocational education are skills development, transformation of educational system, development of internship, change in student recruitment, needs assessment, change in goals, change in content, change in teaching and teaching methods and change in evaluation methods; each of these components had different sub-sections. Based on the successful experiences of leading countries, these factors could have a very positive educational impact on the development of technical and vocational education and they are recommended to facilitate and improve the quality of vocational training and technical in Iran.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Technical and vocational education
  • Education development
  • Vocational education
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