Policymakers must make sound and comprehensive decisions to address the needs and difficulty of their goal society, and this requires having a model and tool that can identify the “right public problems” before addressing them in public problems. The aim of the present study (focusing on the initial stage of the policy-making process) is to provide a model for communication between officials, legislators, and policymakers in identifying public problems. This was done using a systematic literature review method, which resulted in the identification of 291 documents. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 40 relevant documents were screened and examined in more depth. From the extracted narratives, 112 codes, 9 subcategories, and 3 main categories were categorized. This research was able to transform scattered studies into a coherent whole and, by providing a model and filling the theoretical gap regarding how to identify public problems, showed that "identifying public problems" includes a chain of interconnected categories: the emergence of the difficulty, the feeling of the difficulty (including difficulty sensation and difficulty identification), Problems perception & Understanding (including typology, Categorizing & ‎prioritizing, and root finding), and finally the Public Problems Recognition. This model can be the basis for developing a system for Public Problems Recognition and Redefining the national and regional policy-making process.