شناسایی و اولویت‌بندی مؤلفه‌های اثرگذار بر آینده تأمین مالی پروژه‌های زیرساختی مبتنی بر فناوری بلاک‌چین با رویکرد ترکیبی

فلاحزاده, مرضیه; معین الدین, محمود; تفتیان, اکرم

doi:10.48301/kssa.2026.536040.3269

شناسایی و اولویت‌بندی مؤلفه‌های اثرگذار بر آینده تأمین مالی پروژه‌های زیرساختی مبتنی بر فناوری بلاک‌چین با رویکرد ترکیبی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی (کاربردی)

نویسندگان

مرضیه فلاحزاده ¹

محمود معین الدین ²

اکرم تفتیان ³

¹ دانشجوی دکتری،گروه حسابداری، واحد یزد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، یزد، ایران

² استاد، گروه حسابداری، واحد یزد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، یزد، ایران

³ دانشیار، گروه حسابداری، واحد یزد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، یزد، ایران

10.48301/kssa.2026.536040.3269

چکیده

تأمین مالی پروژه‌های زیرساختی، به‌ویژه در بازارهای نوظهور و اقتصادهای درحال‌توسعه، با چالش‌های متعددی از جمله محدودیت منابع مالی، مسائل مربوط به شفافیت، هزینه‌های بالای تأمین مالی و ناکارآمدی در ردیابی عملکرد پروژه‌ها مواجه است. هدف اصلی این مطالعه شناسایی و اولویت‌بندی عوامل مؤثر بر آینده تأمین مالی پروژه‌های زیرساختی مبتنی بر بلاک‌چین، بررسی پتانسیل فناوری بلاک‌چین در غلبه بر این چالش‌ها و بهبود فرایند تأمین مالی زیرساخت است. این پژوهش از نظر هدف: کاربردی، از نظر ماهیت: اکتشافی - تحلیلی: از نظر روش گردآوری داده‌ها ترکیبی (کمی - کیفی) است. براین‌اساس در فاز کیفی با مرور ادبیات و پیشینه پژوهش و تأییدیه خبرگان مؤلفه‌های مؤثر بر آینده تأمین مالی پروژه‌های زیرساختی مبتنی بر فناوری بلاک‌چین شناسایی و سپس با به‌کارگیری چارچوب PEST و نظر خبرگان مؤلفه‌های اثرگذار در 4 گروه سیاسی، اقتصادی، اجتماعی و فناوری دسته بندی شدند. در پایان در مرحله کمی با طراحی پرسشنامه دلفی، داده های مورد نیاز از 13 خبره استخراج و با استفاده از نرم افزار لینگو و بکارگیری روش بهترین - بدترین اولویت بندی گردیدند. نتایج نشان داد که عوامل اقتصادی با وزن 0.617 به عنوان مهم‌ترین دسته از عوامل موثر شناخته شده‌اند. در میان زیرمعیارها، "قابل اجرا در پروژه‌های خصوصی و عمومی" با وزن نهایی 0.380 در رتبه اول اهمیت قرار گرفت. همچنین، "کاهش هزینه‌های تامین مالی" و "فراوانی کاربرد در پروژه‌های عمومی" به ترتیب در رتبه‌های دوم و سوم قرار دارند. نرخ ناسازگاری محاسبه‌شده در روش بهترین–بدترین برابر با 0.08 بوده که نشان‌دهنده اعتبار و سازگاری مناسب قضاوت‌های خبرگان است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تأمین مالی زیرساخت

فناوری بلاک‌چین

توکن‌سازی دارایی‌ها

روش بهترین - بدترین

موضوعات

حسابداری و مالی

عنوان مقاله English

Identifying and prioritizing the components which affect the future of financing infrastructure projects based on blockchain technology with a hybrid approach

نویسندگان English

Marzieh Fallahzadeh ¹

Mahmoud Moeinaddin ²

Akram Taftiyan ³

¹ PhD Student, Department of Accounting, Ya.C., Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran

² Professor, Department of Accounting, Ya.C., Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran

³ Associate Professor, Department of Accounting, Ya.C., Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran

چکیده English

Financing infrastructure projects in emerging markets and developing economies faces several challenges including limited financial resources, transparency issues, high financing costs, and inefficiencies in tracking project performance. The main objective of this study is to identify and prioritize the factors affecting the future of financing infrastructure projects based on blockchain, to examine the potential of blockchain technology in overcoming these challenges, and to improve the infrastructure financing process. This research is applied in terms of purpose, exploratory-analytical in nature, and mixed (quantitative-qualitative) in terms of data collection method. Accordingly, in the qualitative phase, by reviewing the literature and research background and expert approval, the components affecting the future of financing infrastructure projects based on blockchain technology were identified, and then, by applying the PEST framework and expert opinion, the influential components were categorized into 4 groups: political, economic, social, and technological. Finally, in the quantitative phase, by designing a Delphi questionnaire, the required data were extracted from 13 experts and prioritized by using Lingo software and the best-worst method. The results showed that economic factors with a weight of 0.617 were recognized as the most important category of effective factors. Among the sub-criteria, "applicable in private and public projects" with a final weight of 0.380 ranked first in importance. Also, "reducing financing costs" and "frequency of use in public projects" ranked second and third, respectively. Furthermore, the consistency ratio obtained from expert comparisons was 0.08, confirming the internal consistency and reliability of the pairwise judgments used in the BWM analysis.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Infrastructure financing

blockchain technology

asset tokenization

best-worst method

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