فصلنامه علمی کارافن

فصلنامه علمی کارافن

توسعه استعداد در کسب‌وکارهای نوپای ایرانی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی (کاربردی)

نویسندگان
1 گروه مدیریت بازرگانی و کسب‌وکار، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه تهران، ایران
2 دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، پردیس فارابی، دانشگاه تهران
3 عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه تهران/ دانشکده کارآفرینی
4 دانشگاه تهران
چکیده
در سال‌های اخیر توسعة استعداد موردتوجه محققان زیادی قرار گرفته است. علی‌رغم اهمیت مدیریت استعداد، و علی‌رغم نقش کلیدی توسعة استعداد به عنوان یکی از مهم‌ترین زیربخش‌های مدیریت استعداد، تمرکز پژوهشی چندانی به این حوزه معطوف نشده است و این موضوع در کسب‌وکارهای نوپا نیز صادق است. از این رو، هدف پژوهش حاضر، درک مفهوم توسعة استعداد و شناسایی اقدامات توسعة استعداد در کسب‌وکارهای نوپای ایرانی می‌باشد که با استفاده از ابزار مصاحبه و از طریق روش‌شناسی داده‌بنیاد (با رویکرد برساخت‌گرا) دنبال شده است. جامعة پژوهش حاضر، تمامی کسب‌وکارهای نوپای ایرانی را در بر می‌گیرد. نمونه‌گیری به روش نظری و هدفمند انجام شده و پس از مصاحبه با 21 نمونه، اشباع نظری حاصل گردیده است. در این پژوهش، ضمن گردآوری داده‌ها از طریق مصاحبه و پس از تحلیل آن‌ها از طریق کدگذاری اولیه و متمرکز، 789 کد اولیه، 188 مفهوم و 10 مقولة نظری استخراج گردیده است. یافته‌ها به استخراج 3 مقولة نظری حائز اهمیت ویژه (شامل: تعریف توسعة استعداد، فرآیند (گام‌های) توسعة استعداد و روش‌های توسعة استعداد) منجر شده است و ضمن اشاره به تمایز توسعة استعداد در کسب‌وکارهای نوپا با سایر کسب‌وکارها و سازمان‌ها، بر مفاهیم نوینی نظیر «یادگیری غیررسمی»، «لحاظ‌نمودن ویژگی‌های افراد مختلف» و «در نظر گرفتن نقش محوری برای فرد در توسعة استعداد خود» تأکید دارد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Talent Development in Iraninan Start-ups

نویسندگان English

Mohammad Mahdi Shahbazi 1
Reza Tahmasebi 2
Afsaneh Bagheri 4
1 Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management and Accounting, University of Tehran, Iran
2 University of Tehran
4 University of Tehran
چکیده English

Talent development has received special attention in recent years. Despite the importance of managing talent and contrary to the key role of developing talent, as one of the most important sub-sectors of talent management, little research has focused on talent development. This issue is also true for startups. The purpose of the present research is to understand the concept of talent development and identify talent development practices in Iranian startups, which is followed by using Interviews as a research tool and through Grounded Theory methodology (with a Constructivist approach). The population of the present study includes all Iranian start-up businesses. Sampling was done theoretically and purposefully and after interviewing 21 samples, theoretical saturation was achieved. In this research, data collection was done through interviewing, and after analyzing them through initial and focused coding, 789 initial codes, 188 concepts, and 10 theoretical categories were constructed. The findings have extracted 3 main theoretical categories (including definition, process, and methods of talent development), explained the differentiation between talent development in startups and other businesses and organizations, and emphasized new concepts such as "informal learning", "considering the characteristics of different people" and "considering a central role for the individual in the development of his talent".

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Talent
Talent Development
Talent Development Practices
Start-Ups
Grounded Theory
Al Ariss, A., Cascio, W. F., & Paauwe, J. (2014). Talent management: Current theories and future research directions. Journal of World Business, 49(2), 173-179. https://doi.or g/10.1016/j.jwb.2013.11.001
Allers, A., & Singh, P. (2023). Problem-solving abilities of mildly gifted learners in grade 3 mathematics using self-regulated learning without direct teaching. The International Journal of Science, Mathematics and Technology Learning, 30(2), 49-81. https://doi .org/10.18848/2327-7971/CGP/v30i02/49-81
Belgrave, L. L., & Seide, K. (2019). Coding for grounded theory. In A. Bryant & K. Charmaz (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of current developments in grounded theory (2 ed., pp. 167-185). Sage. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781526485656.n10
Bembenutty, H. (2023). Self-Regulated Learning, Core Properties of Human Agency, and Systematic Pedagogies. In T. Urdan & E. N. Gonida (Eds.), Remembering the Life, Work, and Influence of Stuart A. Karabenick (pp. 159-177). Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/S0749-742320230000022012
Bloomfield, J. G., Fisher, M., Davies, C., Randall, S., & Gordon, C. J. (2023). Registered nurses’ attitudes towards e-learning and technology in healthcare: A cross-sectional survey. Nurse Education in Practice, 69(4), 103597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2023.10 3597
Bolander, P., Werr, A., & Asplund, K. (2017). The practice of talent management: a framework and typology. Personnel Review, 46(8), 1523-1551. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-02-2016-0037
Boudreu, J., & Ramstad, P. M. (2005). Where's your pivotal talent? Harvard business review, 83(4), 23-24. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/291872544_Where's_your_ pivotal_talent
Boutris, G., & Salimi, N. (2023). Identifying Impact of the Entrepreneurship Ecosystem on the Success of Entrepreneurial Start-Up Firms. In J. Rezaei, M. Brunelli, & M. Mohammadi (Eds.), Advances in Best-Worst Method (pp. 129-145). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24816-0_11
Byham, W. C., Smith, A. B., & Paese, M. J. (2002). Grow your own leaders: How to identify, develop, and retain leadership talent. Financial Times. https://www.amazon.com/G row-Your-Own-Leaders-Leadership/dp/013009398X
Callan, G. L., DaVia Rubenstein, L., Barton, T., & Halterman, A. (2022). Enhancing motivation by developing cyclical self-regulated learning skills. Theory Into Practice, 61(1), 62-74. https://doi.org/10.1080/00405841.2021.1932153
Centobelli, P., Cerchione, R., & Esposito, E. (2017). Knowledge Management in Startups: Systematic Literature Review and Future Research Agenda. Sustainability, 9(3), 361. https://doi .org/10.3390/su9030361
Cerasoli, C. P., Alliger, G. M., Donsbach, J. S., Mathieu, J. E., Tannenbaum, S. I., & Orvis, K. A. (2018). Antecedents and Outcomes of Informal Learning Behaviors: a Meta-Analysis. Journal of Business and Psychology, 33(2), 203-230. https://doi.org/10.1007/s1086 9-017-9492-y
Chambers, E. G., Foulon, M., Handfield-Jones, H., Hankin, S. M., & Michaels , E. G. (1998). The war for talent. The McKinsey Quarterly, 3(3), 44-57. https://www.researchgate.net/ publication/284689712_The_War_for_Talent
Charmaz, K. (2014). Constructing Grounded Theory (2 ed.). Sage Publications. https://books .google.com/books?id=v_GGAwAAQBAJ
Conger, J. A. (2010). Developing leadership talent: Delivering on the promise of structured programs. In R. Silzer & B. E. Dowell (Eds.), Strategy-driven talent management: A leadership imperative (pp. 281-311). Jossey-Bass. https://www.econbiz.de/Recor d/developing-leadership-talent-delivering-on-the-promise-of-structured-programs-conger-jay/10003918441
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2017). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (5 ed.). Sage Publications. https://books.google.com/books?id =335ZDwAAQBAJ
Crockett, D. R., McGee, J. E., & Payne, G. T. (2013). Employing New Business Divisions to Exploit Disruptive Innovations: The Interplay between Characteristics of the Corporation and Those of the Venture Management Team. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 30(5), 856-879. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpim.12034
Dai, D. Y., & Speerschneider, K. (2012). Cope and grow: A model of affective curriculum for talent development. Talent Development & Excellence, 4(2), 181-199. https://www. researchgate.net/publication/285935191
Dalal, R., & Akdere, M. (2018). Talent development: status quo and future directions. Industrial and Commercial Training, 50(6), 342-355. https://doi.org/10.1108/ICT-03-2018-0033
Decius, J., Knappstein, M., Schaper, N., & Seifert, A. (2023). Investigating the multidimensionality of informal learning: Validation of a short measure for white-collar workers. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 34(1), 45-74. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrdq.21461
Dries, N. (2013). The psychology of talent management: A review and research agenda. Human Resource Management Review, 23(4), 272-285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2013 .05.001
Etoom, D. (2022). Influence of individualism and collectivism on talent management practices. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 22(1), 137-155. https://doi.or g/10.1177/14705958221089500
Evans, P., Pucik, V., & Barsoux, J. L. (2002). The Global Challenge: Frameworks for International Human Resource Management. McGraw-Hill. https://books.google.com/books?id= 46zKQwAACAAJ
Gagné, F. (2004). Transforming gifts into talents: the DMGT as a developmental theory. High Ability Studies, 15(2), 119-147. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359813042000314682
Gagné, F. (2021). The Differentiating Model of Giftedness and Talent. In T. L. Cross & J. R. Cross (Eds.), Handbook for Counselors Serving Students With Gifts and Talents (pp. 9-28). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003235415-3
Gallardo-Gallardo, E., Thunnissen, M., & Scullion, H. (2020). Talent management: context matters. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 31(4), 457-473. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2019.1642645
Garavan, T. N., Carbery, R., & Rock, A. (2012). Mapping talent development: definition, scope and architecture. European Journal of Training and Development, 36(1), 5-24. https ://doi.org/10.1108/03090591211192601
Gardner, H. E. (2000). Intelligence Reframed: Multiple Intelligences for the 21st Century. Basic Books. https://books.google.com/books?id=Qkw4DgAAQBAJ
Giraudo, E., Rocha, V., & Grilli, L. (2019). We’re Hiring! Entrepreneur Characteristics and Talent Sorting in Innovative Startups. Academy of Management Proceedings, 2019(1), 11507. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMBPP.2019.11507abstract
Girotra, R., & Kaushik, T. (2018). Talent acquisition challenges faced by Indian e-commerce startups: culture as a moderator. IUP Journal of Entrepreneurship Development, 15(2), 24-43. https://www.econbiz.de/Record/talent-acquisition-challenges-faced-by-indi an-e-commerce-startups-culture-as-a-moderator-girotra-renu/10011978743
Hedayati Mehdiabadi, A., & Li, J. (2016). Understanding Talent Development and Implications for Human Resource Development:An Integrative Literature Review. Human Resource Development Review, 15(3), 263-294. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534484316655667
Kaliannan, M., Darmalinggam, D., Dorasamy, M., & Abraham, M. (2023). Inclusive talent development as a key talent management approach: A systematic literature review. Human Resource Management Review, 33(1), 100926. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hr mr.2022.100926
Kirkpatrick, D. L. (1959). Techniques for evaluating training programs. Journal of the American Society of training Directors, 13, 21-26.
Kravariti, F., Tasoulis, K., Scullion, H., & Alali, M. K. (2023). Talent management and performance in the public sector: the role of organisational and line managerial support for development. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 34(9), 1782-1807. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2022.2032265
Lawler, J. (2008). Strategic human resource management. In T. G. Cummings (Ed.), Handbook of Organization Development, (pp. 353-366). Sage Publication.
McCall, M. W., Lombardo, M. M., & Morrison, A. M. (1988). Lessons of experience: How successful executives develop on the job. Lexington Books. https://archive.org/detail s/lessonsofexperie00mcca/page/n3/mode/2up
McDonnell, A., Collings, D. G., Mellahi, K., & Schuler, R. (2017). Talent management: a systematic review and future prospects. European Journal of International Management, 11(1), 86-128. https://doi.org/10.1504/EJIM.2017.081253
Meeuwenoord, I. M. (2014). Share options as an instrument to attract & retain talent for Dutch startups [Master, University of Twente]. Enschede, Netherlands. https://essay.utwe nte.nl/65187/
Mukul, K., & Saini, G. K. (2021). Talent acquisition in startups in India: the role of social capital. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 13(5), 1235-1261. https://doi. org/10.1108/JEEE-04-2020-0086
Owens, L. M., & Kadakia, C. (2022). We Need It Personalized, Accurate, and NOW! In E. Biech (Ed.), ATD's Handbook for Training and Talent Development (3 ed.). Association for Talent Development.
Plucker, J. A., & Barber, H. (2021). Talent Development Plans Help Guide Consistent, Equitable Service Delivery. Gifted Child Today, 44(1), 39-43. https://doi.org/10.1177/107621 7520963673
Portenga, S. (2017). Athletic talent development from theory to practice: The self-regulated talent development process. In M. C. Makel, A. N. Rinn, & J. A. Plucker (Eds.), From Giftedness to Gifted Education (pp. 115-148). Routledge. https://www.taylorfrancis .com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781003235262-6/athletic-talent-development-theory-practice-steve-portenga
Priyanka, R., Ravindran, K., Sankaranarayanan, B., & Ali, S. M. (2023). A fuzzy DEMATEL decision modeling framework for identifying key human resources challenges in start-up companies: Implications for sustainable development. Decision Analytics Journal, 6(1), 100192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dajour.2023.100192
Puri, H. (2019). Attracting Talent: Experiences of Start-Ups in India. Journal of Entrepreneurship and Management, 8(1), 1-6. https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/jem/article/view/18 5002
Rezaei, F., & Beyerlein, M. (2018). Talent development: a systematic literature review of empirical studies. European Journal of Training and Development, 42(1/2), 75-90. https://doi. org/10.1108/EJTD-09-2017-0076
Saunders, M. N. K., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. (2023). Research Methods for Business Students (9 ed.). Pearson Education Limited. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/2402 18229
Scullion, H., Collings, D. G., & Caligiuri, P. (2010). Global talent management. Journal of World Business, 45(2), 105-108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2009.09.011
Sotirova, E. N. (2019). Attracting and retaining talent: a comparison between social enterprise and commercial startups in Brazil [Master, EAESP]. São Paulo, Brazil. https://repos itorio.fgv.br/bitstream/10438/26033/1/Evdokiya_Sotirova_MPGI_Thesis.pdf
Torrington, D., Hall, L., & Taylor, S. (2008). Human Resource Management. Financial Times Prentice Hall. https://books.google.com/books?id=x8_C9NJHtYMC
Wang-Cowham, C. (2011). Developing talent with an integrated knowledge-sharing mechanism: an exploratory investigation from the Chinese human resource managers' perspective. Human Resource Development International, 14(4), 391-407. https://doi.org/10.10 80/13678868.2011.601573
Yin, W., Moon, H-C., & Lee, Y. W. (2019). The Success Factors of Korean Global Start-Ups in the Digital Sectors Through Internationalization. International Journal of Global Business and Competitiveness, 14(1), 42-53. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42943-019-00 003-2
Zunino, D. (2018). Recruiting Talent for Early-stage Ventures: an Online Experiment on Startup Job Ads (WITHDRAWN). Academy of Management Proceedings, 2018(1), 17401. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMBPP.2018.17401abstract
دوره 22، ویژه نامه
علوم انسانی
پاییز 1404
صفحه 13-44

  • تاریخ دریافت 14 اردیبهشت 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری 11 تیر 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش 17 تیر 1402