فصلنامه علمی کارافن

فصلنامه علمی کارافن

بررسی ساختار سیم‌ پیچی موتورهای القایی جهت کاهش مولفه‌های هارمونیک فضایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی (کاربردی)

نویسنده
گروه مهندسی برق و کامپیوتر، دانشگاه ملی مهارت، تهران، ایران
چکیده
شکل موج شار مغناطیسی در موتورهای القایی و ولتاژ خروجی در ژنراتورهای سنکرون به‌عنوان تاثیرگذارترین عامل در دو حالت عملکردی ماشین‌های الکتریکی جریان متناوب است که از اهمیت خاصی برخوردار می‌باشد. بطورکلی این شکل موج‌ها، شبه‌سینوسی بوده و دارای مولفه‌های هارمونیکی متعددی می‌باشند. از مهم‌ترین آثار مولفه‌های هارمونیک می‌توان به تغیر نقطه کار، افزایش تلفات هسته، افزایش نویز و لرزش، افزایش ریپل گشتاور و هم‌چنین کاهش پایداری ماشین‌های الکتریکی اشاره نمود. یک راه حل برای بهبود عملکرد ماشین‌های الکتریکی، کاهش یا حذف دامنه هارمونیک‌های مزاحم است. در این مقاله، ساختار سیم‌پیچی متعارف در ماشین‌های الکتریکی جریان متناوب مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است و دامنه هارمونیک‌ها ارزیابی خواهند شد. جهت تضعیف یا حذف هارمونیک‌های مزاحم، طرح جدیدی بر مبنای طرح سیم‌پیچی چهار لایه، براساس ترکیبی از طرح سیم‌پیچی متعارف (یک و دو لایه) و طرح سیم‌پیچی سه لایه پیشنهاد گردیده است. در طرح پیشنهادی، سیم‌پیچی براساس گام کسری و با استفاده از تغییر در تعداد دور و موقعیت قرارگرفتن کلاف‌ها ارائه گردیده است. جهت تایید طرح پیشنهادی، از نرم افزار ANSYS MAXWELL برای اندازه گیری شار مغناطیسی، ولتاژ القاشده روی سیم‌پیچ‌ها و ریپل گشتاور برای دو موتور القایی سه فاز، دو قطبی، با توان 200 وات استفاده شده است. نتایج بدست آمده از شبیه‌سازی برای موتورهای القایی مشابه، حاکی از بهبود عملکرد موتور با استفاده از طرح پیشنهادی نسبت به طرح متعارف می‌باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Investigation of Winding Configurations of Induction Motors to Reduce Spatial Harmonic Orders

نویسنده English

Hossein Asgharpour-Alamdari
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Skills (NUS), Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

The magnetic flux waveform in induction motors and the output voltage waveform in synchronous generators are of particular importance as the most influential factors in the two operating modes of AC electrical machines, which are usually quasi-sinusoidal and have numerous harmonic components. The most important effects of harmonic components include changing the operating point, increasing core losses, increasing noise and vibration, increasing torque ripple, and also reducing the stability of electrical machines. One solution to improve the performance of electrical machines is to reduce or eliminate the amplitude of disturbing harmonics. In this paper, the conventional winding structure in alternating current electrical machines will be examined and the amplitude of harmonics will be evaluated. In order to attenuate or eliminate the disturbing harmonics, a new design based on a four-layer winding scheme, based on a combination of conventional winding designs (one and two layers) and a three-layer winding scheme, has been proposed. In the proposed design, the winding is based on a fractional pitch and using a change in the number of turns and the position of the coils. To verify the proposed design, ANSYS MAXWELL software has been used to measure the magnetic flux, induced voltage, and torque ripple for two three-phase, two poles, 200-watt induction motors. The results obtained from these two motors in the simulation indicate that the motor performance is improved using the proposed design.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Induction motor
Four-Layer Winding
Torque
Harmonic component reduction
THD
Winding function
[1]  J. Sahebkar, Shademan, H., Zareein, M., & Shademan, M. (2021). Stability and Sensitivity Analysis of Wind Turbine Self-Excitation Induction Generator. Karafan Quarterly Research Journal, 18(1), 21-33. 10.48301/kssa.2021.131036.
[2] N. Tang and I. P. Brown. (2018). Framework and solution techniques for suppressing electric machine winding MMF space harmonics by varying slot distribution and coil turns. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 54(5), 1–12.  10.1109/TMAG.2018.2804897.
[3] S. M. Raziee, O. Misir, and B. Ponick. (2017). Winding function approach for winding analysis. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 53(10), 1–9. 10.1109/TMAG.2017.2712570.
[4]  N. Tang and I. P. Brown. (2019). Family phenomenon in electric machine winding MMF space harmonics: Attribution and applications. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 55(5), 1–10.  10.1109/TMAG.2018.2804897.
[5] G. Joksimović. (2011). AC winding analysis using a winding function approach. International Journal of Electrical Engineering Education, 48(1), 34–52. 10.7227/IJEEE.48.1.4.
[6] F. Scuiller. (2020). General, compact and easy‐to‐compute winding factor formulation. IET Electric Power Applications, 14(8), 1430–1437. 10.1049/iet-epa.2019.0950.
[7] L. Serrano Iribarnegaray, P. Cruz Romero, and A. Gómez Expósito. (2013) Critical review of the modified winding function theory. Progress In Electromagnetics Research, 133, 515–534. 10.2528/PIER12091301.
[8] H. Asgharpour-Alamdari. (2021). Analysis and Implementation of Harmonic Elimination of a Synchronous Generator Supplying Nonlinear Loads. Karafan Quarterly Research Journal, 18(3), 155–168. 10.48301/kssa.2021.257650.1280.
[9] B. Asad, T. Vaimann, A. Belahcen, A. Kallaste, A. Rassõlkin, and M. N. Iqbal (2020). Modified winding function‐based model of squirrel cage induction motor for fault diagnostics. IET Electric Power Applications, 14(9), 1722–1734. 10.1049/iet-epa.2019.1002.
[10]Y. Azzoug, M. Sahraoui, R. Pusca, T. Ameid, R. Romary, and A. J. Marques Cardoso. (2021). Current sensors fault detection and tolerant control strategy for three-phase induction motor drives. Electrical Engineering, 103(2), 881–898. 10.1007/s00202-020-01120-5.
[11] A. Di Tommaso, F. Genduso, and R. Miceli. (2013). A software for the evaluation of winding factor harmonic distribution in high efficiency electrical motors and generators. in 2013 Eighth International Conference and Exhibition on Ecological Vehicles and Renewable Energies (EVER), 1–6. 10.1109/EVER.2013.6521571.
[12]M. Caruso, A. O. Di Tommaso, F. Marignetti, R. Miceli, and G. Ricco Galluzzo. (2018). A general mathematical formulation for winding layout arrangement of electrical machines. Energies, 11(2), 446. 10.3390/en11020446.
[13]D. A. Kocabas. (2009). Novel winding and core design for maximum reduction of harmonic magnetomotive force in AC motors. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 45(2), 735–746. 10.1109/TMAG.2008.2005532.
[14] H. Asgharpour‐Alamdari, Y. Alinejad‐Beromi, and H. Yaghobi. (2017). Reduction in distortion of the synchronous generator voltage waveform using a new winding pattern. IET Electric Power Applications, 11(2),  233–241.   10.1049/iet-epa.2016.0502.
 
[15] H. Asgharpour‐Alamdari, Y. Alinejad‐Beromi, and H. Yaghobi. (2018). Improvement of induction motor operation using a new winding scheme for reduction of the magnetomotive force distortion. IET Electric Power Applications, 12(3), 323–331. 10.1049/iet-epa.2017.0381.
[16] H. Asgharpour-Alamdari. (2022). Design of a novel distributed winding for improving performance of the induction motors. Electrical Engineering, 104(5), 2911–2922. 10.1007/s00202-022-01516-5.
[17] T. Gundogdu and G. Komurgoz. (2013). Implementation of fractional slot concentrated winding technique to large salient-pole synchronous generators & development with permanent magnets. Electric power systems research, 105, 57–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2013.07.011.
[18] Y. Zhu, W. Gu, K. Lu, Z. Wu, J. Guan, and L. Chen. (2020). Current harmonic elimination method for asymmetric dual three‐phase permanent magnet synchronous motor. IET Electric Power Applications, 14(10), 1795–1806. 10.1049/iet-epa.2020.0175.
[19] F. Evestedt, J. J. Pérez-Loya, C. J. D. Abrahamsson, and U. Lundin. (2021). Controlling airgap magnetic flux density harmonics in synchronous machines using field current injection. Electrical Engineering, 103(1), 195–203. 10.1007/s00202-020-01069-5.
[20] H. Asgharpour-Alamdari. (2023). Design optimization of coreless stator axial flux-switching motor. Scientia Iranica, 30(3), 1127–1138. 10.24200/sci.2021.58284.5652.
[21] P. B. Reddy, K.-K. Huh, and A. M. El-Refaie. (2014). Generalized approach of stator shifting in interior permanent-magnet machines equipped with fractional-slot concentrated windings. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 61(9), 5035–5046. 10.1109/TIE.2013.2297515.
[22] F. Kutt, M. Michna, G. Kostro, and M. Ronkowski. (2017). Modelling of steady state and transient performance of the synchronous generator considering harmonic distortions caused by non-uniform saturation of the pole shoe. Electric power systems research, 143, 409–414. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2016.10.030.
[23] E. Brescia, D. Costantino, P. R. Massenio, V. G. Monopoli, F. Cupertino, and G. L. Cascella. (2021). A design method for the cogging torque minimization of permanent magnet machines with a segmented stator core based on ANN surrogate models. Energies, 14(7),1880-1889. 10.3390/en14071880.
[24] Z. Li, C. Di, and X. Bao. (2019). Analysis of vibration and noise of induction motor equipped with concentric single-double-layer star-delta winding. Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering, 5(1), 36–46. 10.23919/CJEE.2019.000004.
[25] S. Amin, S. Madanzadeh, S. Khan, S. S. H. Bukhari, F. Akhtar, and J.-S. Ro. (2022). Effect of the magnet shape on the performance of coreless axial flux permanent magnet synchronous generator. Electrical Engineering, 104(2), 959–968. 10.1109/ICOMET.2019.8673422.
[26]         G. Liu, W. Li, Q. Chen, and Y. Mao. (2021). Analysis and Application of Two-Layer Unconventional Windings for PM-Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Motors. Energies,14(12), 3447. 10.3390/en14123447.
[27] A. O. Di Tommaso, F. Genduso, and R. Miceli. (2015). A new software tool for design, optimization, and complete analysis of rotating electrical machines windings. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 51(4), 1–10. 10.1109/TMAG.2014.2369860.
[28] P. C. Sen. (2021). Principles of electric machines and power electronics, international adaptation. John Wiley & Sons, 2021. 9781119770701.
 
 
 
دوره 22، شماره 1
فنی و مهندسی
بهار 1404
صفحه 233-250

  • تاریخ دریافت 10 بهمن 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری 14 اسفند 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش 13 اردیبهشت 1404