ارائه راهکار عملی برای برش اتوماتیک منسوجات بی‌بافت در صنعت نساجی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی (کاربردی)

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، واحد الکترونیکی ، تهران ، ایران

2 گروه مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، واحد تهران جنوب ، تهران ، ایران

10.48301/kssa.2023.406454.2630

چکیده

در منسوجات بی‌بافت بر خلاف پارچه‌های دیگر از نخ تولید نمی‌شوند؛ بلکه طی فرایندی الیاف مستقیماً به منسوجات تبدیل می‌شود. بدین صورت که الیاف جداگانه به روش‌های مختلف در کنار هم قرار گرفته و به یکدیگر به منظور تولید پارچه پیوند داده می‌شوند تا در نهایت یک لایۀ یکنواخت و در هم تنیده شده بدون بافت تشکیل گردد. لایۀ تهیه شده به صورت ورق تار عنکبوتی است که در آن الیاف به صورت جهت یافته یا تصادفی قرار گرفته و به وسیلۀ اصطکاک و یا چسب و یا تمایل الیاف به چسبیده شدن یا به شیوۀ هیدرومکانیکی به یکدیگر می‌پیوندند. در دستگاه‌های قدیمی وارد شده مرتبط با خطوط تولید پارچه‌های بی‌بافت، برش محصول نهایی به‌صورت دستی توسط اپراتور یا بوسیله المنت برقی انجام می شد. کنترل دستگاه‌های قدیمی به صورت دستی توسط اپراتورهای سیستم، مدیریت می‌شوند. این اقدام باعث می‌شود بهره‌وری آنها پایین باشد. در این پژوهش، یک سیستم برش اتوماتیک با استفاده از PLC, HMI, DRIVE طراحی شده است. در این سیستم از یک انکدر برای ارسال سیگنال به یک کنترلر Autonics برای مشخص شدن طول محصول استفاده شده است. کنترل سرعت تیغ برش توسط DRIVE صورت می‌گیرد. جهت کنترل و نظارت عملکرد سیستم توسط اپراتور از HMI استفاده شده است. این سیستم با آزمایش عملی دریک کارخانۀ بهره‌وری بیش از 40 درصد را ارائه داده است. همچنین به دلیل حذف برش دستی و استفاده از اتوماسیون صنعتی، ضمن افزایش سرعت، محصول خروجی با کیفیت می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Providing a Practical Solution for Automatic Cutting of Non-Woven Fabrics in the Textile Industry

نویسندگان [English]

  • Iraj Karimi 1
  • Jalil Jamali 2
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Electronic Department, Tehran, Iran.
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Unlike other fabrics, non-woven fabrics are not produced from yarn; rather, during a fibre process, it is directly converted into textiles. In this way, separate fibres are placed together in different ways and are joined to each other to produce fabric so that in the end, a uniform and interwoven layer is formed without texture. The prepared layer is in the form of a spider web sheet in which the fibres are placed in a directed or random manner and are joined to each other by friction or glue or the tendency of the fibres to stick together or hydromechanically. In the old imported machines related to the production lines of non-woven fabrics, the cutting of the final product was done manually by the operator or by an electric element. Control of old devices is managed manually by system operators, leading to low productivity. In this research, an automatic cutting system was designed using PLC, HMI, and DRIVE. In this system, an encoder was used to send a signal to an Autonics controller to determine the length of the product. The cutting blade speed was controlled by DRIVE. HMI was used to control and monitor system performance by the operator. This system provided more than 40% productivity through practical testing in a factory. Furthermore, due to the elimination of manual cutting and the use of industrial automation, while increasing the speed, the output product was of high quality.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Non-Woven Textiles
  • Automatic Cutting
  • Productivity
  • Encoder
  • Industrial Automation

مراجع

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فصلنامه علمی کارافن
دوره 20، شماره 3
فنی و مهندسی
آذر 1402
صفحه 32-55

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 26 مرداد 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 07 مهر 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 30 آبان 1402

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