فصلنامه علمی کارافن

فصلنامه علمی کارافن

ارزیابی کارایی کودهای بیولوژیک و ارگانیک در افزایش عملکرد سویا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی (کاربردی)

نویسندگان
1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد زراعت و مدرس آموزشکده کشاورزی سمنگان، دانشگاه فنی و حرفه‌ای، خراسان شمالی، مشهد، ایران.
2 استادیار و عضو هیات علمی، گروه تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خراسان رضوی، مشهد، ایران.
3 استادیار و عضو هیات علمی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه فنی و حرفه‌ای، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
با هدف ارزیابی کارایی کودهای بیولوژیک و ارگانیک در افزایش عملکرد سویا، آزمایشی در مزرعۀ تحقیقاتی دانشگاه آزاد بجنورد در سال 1399 در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی به‌صورت کرت‌های خرد شده در سه تکرار اجرا شد. عامل اصلی دو رقم سویا شامل هابیت و L17 بود. عامل فرعی شامل شش سطح ترکیب کودی، شاهد بدون کاربرد کود، تلقیح بذور سویا با باکتری ریزوبیوم، کود نیتروژن پایه به‌علاوه نیتروژن سرک، تلقیح بذر سویا با ریزوبیوم به‌علاوه کود نیتروژن پایه به‌علاوه نیتروژن سرک، بذرمال اسید هیومیک به‌علاوه کاربرد سرک اسید هیومیک، بذرمال اسید هیومیک به‌علاوه کاربرد نیتروژن پایه و اسید هیومیک سرک بودند. نتایج نشان داد در رقم هابیت وزن صد دانه سویا به جز تیمار شاهد بین تمامی تیمارهای کودی از نظرآماری تفاوت معنی داری نداشت. بالاترین عملکرد دانه رقم‌های هابیت و L17 سویا در تیمار بذرمال اسید هیومیک به‌علاوه نیتروژن پایه و اسید هیومیک سرک در مرحله گلدهی سویا به ترتیب 5767 و 5600 کیلوگرم در هکتار به‌دست آمد. هر چند عملکرد دانه در رقم L17 در سایر تیمارهای کودی به جز شاهد تفاوت معنی داری با هم نداشتند. بالاترین عملکرد بیولوژیک در رقم L17 نیز در تیمار تلقیح بذر با ریزوبیوم به‌علاوه نیتروژن پایه و سرک در مرحله گلدهی به مقدار 73/1 کیلوگرم در مترمربع به‌دست آمد. طبق نتایج این آزمایش کاربرد اسید هیومیک به‌صورت بذرمال و سرک به همراه کود نیتروژن پایه یا تلقیح ریزوبیوم به همراه کود نیتروژن پایه و سرک عملکرد مناسبی را در سویا در پی داشت. 
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Evaluating the Efficacy of Biological and Organic Fertilizers in Increasing Soybean Yield

نویسندگان English

Sima Javidi 1
Mehdi Azizi 2
Saeed Reza Yaghoobi 3
1 MSc Graduate in Agronomy, Lecturer in Samangan Agriculture Faculty, Technical and Vocational University, Mashhad, Iran.
2 2Assistant Professor and Faculty Member, Plant & Seed Improvement Research Department, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Mashhad, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor and Faculty Member, Faculty of Agricultural Science, Technical and Vocational University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

In order to evaluating the efficacy of biological and organic fertilizers in increasing soybean yield, an experiment was conducted in the research field of Bojnord Azad Islamic University in 2019 as randomized complete block design in split plots arrangement with three replications. The main plot included Hobbit and L17 soybean cultivars. The sub plot included six levels of fertilizer arrangement as soybean seed inoculation with Rhizobium (Bradyrhizobium japonicum) biofertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer (Urea, N 45%) application as basal-dressing plus top-dressing, soybean seed inoculation with Rhizobium biofertilizer plus nitrogen fertilizer application as basal-dressing plus top-dressing, seed treatment of humic acid plus top-dressing application of humic acid, seed treatment of humic acid plus application of basal-dressing nitrogen and top-dressing of humic acid. The results showed that except in the control treatment, the hundred seeds weight of soybean in the Hobbit cultivar was not significantly affected by fertilizer treatments. The highest grain yield of Hobbit and L17 cultivars obtained were 5767 and 5600 kg ha-1, respectively when seed treatment of humic acid plus basal-dressing nitrogen and top-dressing of humic acid in the flowering stage of soybean was applied. However, in cultivar L17, there was no significant difference between all fertilizer treatments in grain yield except in the control. The highest biological yield of soybean obtained was 1.73 kg m-2 when soybean seeds were inoculated with rhizobium and nitrogen fertilizer applied as basal-dressing and top-dressing. According to the results, the application of humic acid as seed treatment and top-dressing plus basal nitrogen fertilizer application or rhizobium inoculation plus nitrogen fertilizer basal-dressing and top-dressing application induced proper grain yield in Hobbit and L17 cultivars of soybean.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Rhizobium
Humic Acid
Sustainable Agriculture
Nitrogen
Symbiosis
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دوره 20، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 65
هنر و معماری / کشاورزی
زمستان 1402
صفحه 391-406

  • تاریخ دریافت 03 بهمن 1401
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  • تاریخ پذیرش 02 خرداد 1402