عوامل موثر بر عملکرد بین‌المللی‌سازی کسب و کارهای روستایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی (کاربردی)

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه کارآفرینی، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قزوین، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه کارآفرینی فناورانه، دانشکده کارآفرینی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

3 استاد، گروه مدیریت دولتی، واحد علوم وتحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

4 استادیار، گروه مدیریت صنعتی، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قزوین، ایران.

10.48301/kssa.2022.357132.2248

چکیده

بین‌المللی‌سازی کسب وکارهای روستایی به‌ویژه بین‌المللی‌سازی کالاهای صنعتی، یکی از شاخص‌های رشد و توسعه‌یافتگی یک کشور است. از این‌رو هدف پژوهش حاضر شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر عملکرد بین‌المللی‌سازی بر اساس دیدگاه مبتنی بر منبع و قابلیت‌های پویا می‌باشد. روش پژوهش برحسب هدف، کاربردی و بر حسب گردآوری داده‌ها، کیفی- مطالعه موردی می‌باشد. جامعه آماری در این پژوهش، مدیران و صاحبان کسب‌وکارهای بین‌المللی روستایی در صنعت بسته‌بندی مناطق مختلف استان آذربایجان غربی در قلمرو زمانی 1397تا 1401 است. داده‌ها از طریق مطالعه منابع مستند و مصاحبه‌های نیمه‌ساختاریافته با 13 کسب‌وکارهای روستایی بسته‌بندی استان آذربایجان غربی، از طریق نمونه‌گیری (هدف‌مند با اشباع نظری) جمع‌آوری شد. در مرحله کدگذاری باز، 130 کد مقدماتی از تحلیل مصاحبه‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار Atlas.ti7 شناسایی شد که پس از پالایش و ادغامِ کدهای مشابه، 70 کد نهایی شدند. در دومین مرحله، کدگذاری محوری با استفاده از کدهای باز، حول پدیده موردبررسی انجام شد. بر اساس نتایج به‌دست‌آمده از تحلیل مصاحبه‌ها و داده‌ها، عوامل مؤثر بر عملکرد بین‌المللی‌سازی کسب‌وکارهای روستایی استان آذربایجان غربی به دو دسته عوامل داخلی و عوامل محیطی بخش‌بندی می‌گردد که به ترتیب عوامل داخلی شامل سرمایه‌های ارتباطی، ویژگی‌‌های محصول، منابع مشهود، تجربه مدیریت و تعهد و اعتبار، منابع انسانی، یادگیری محلی و انعطاف‌پذیری و عوامل محیطی شامل فاصله روانی کم، سرمایه‌‌های روستایی، محیط نهادی هستند و همه این عوامل، عملکرد بین‌‌المللی‌سازی را تحت تأثیر قرار می‌دهند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Factors Affecting the Performance of Internationalization of Rural Businesses

نویسندگان [English]

  • Haleh Ezzatirad 1
  • Morteza Akbari 2
  • Morteza Mousakhani 3
  • Ali Badizade 4
1 PhD Student, Department of Entrepreneurship, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Technological Entrepreneurship, Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
3 Professor, Department of Public Administration, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Industrial Management, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The internationalization of rural businesses, particularly the internationalization of industrial goods, is one of the indicators of the growth and development of a country. Therefore, the aim of the current research was to identify the factors affecting internationalization performance based on the resource-based and dynamic capabilities views. The research method was applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of data collection. The statistical population in this research included the managers and owners of international rural businesses in the packaging industry of different regions of West Azerbaijan Province in the period of 2018 – 2022. Data was collected through the study of documentary sources and semi-structured interviews with 13 rural packaging businesses of West Azerbaijan Province using purposive sampling method until theoretical saturation. In the open coding stage, 130 preliminary codes were identified from the analysis of the interviews using Atlas.ti7 software. After refining and merging similar codes, 70 codes were finalized. In the second step, axial coding was carried out using open codes around the investigated phenomenon. Based on the results obtained from the interviews and data analysis, the factors affecting the performance of the internationalization of rural businesses in West Azerbaijan Province were divided into two categories: internal factors and environmental factors. Internal factors included social capital, product features, tangible resources, management experience and commitment and credibility, human resources, local learning and flexibility while environmental factors included low psychic distance, rural capital, and institutional environment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Internationalization Rural SMEs Resource
  • based perspective Capabilities perspective Internationalization performance

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فصلنامه علمی کارافن
دوره 20، ویژه نامه
علوم انسانی
شهریور 1402
صفحه 13-34

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 07 شهریور 1401
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 16 مهر 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 17 آبان 1401

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