مقایسه نظام مالکیت حاکم بر قوانین زیست‌محیطی معادن ایران، استرالیا، شیلی، هند، ترکیه، کانادا، آفریقای جنوبی و چین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی (نظری)

نویسندگان

1 دکتری، گروه سیستم های هوشمند، دانشکده مهندسی صنایع، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران.

2 استاد، گروه سیستم های هوشمند، دانشکده مهندسی صنایع، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

با توجه به اهمیت محیط‌زیست بر زندگی انسان و تعارض بین فرایند استخراج و عوامل محیطی، تصویب قوانین حمایت از محیط‌زیست در صنعت معدن به‌ویژه در کشورهایی که پتانسیل معدنی بالایی دارند، بسیار مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. در این راستا، این مطالعه، یک چارچوب مفهومی جدید برای شناسایی قوانین حفاظت از محیط‌زیست در ایران با در نظر گرفتن قوانین و مقررات محیط‌زیستی معدن در کشورهای مختلف مانند استرالیا، شیلی، هند، ترکیه، کانادا، آفریقای جنوبی و چین نشان می‌دهد. این امر به کاربرد تجربیات این کشورها در حل منازعات مشابه در صنعت معدن ایران کمک می‌کند. قوانین حفاظت از محیط‌زیست براساس پیشینه قانون‌گذاری در زمینه معدن، مشارکت در معاهدات زیست‌محیطی، موفقیت در زمینه تجارت معدن و پیشگام در بازنگری قوانین معدن انتخاب شده است. چارچوب پیشنهادی نشان می‌دهد که قوانین زیست‌محیطی معدن ایران برای جلوگیری از ابهام و بازنگری، نیاز به تجدیدنظر و شفافیت بیشتر دارد تا از بروز ابهام و تعارض با قوانین مالکیت معدنی و حقوق دولتی جلوگیری شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of Environmental Laws of Mines in Iran, Australia, Chile, India, Turkey, Canada, South Africa, and China

نویسندگان [English]

  • Morteza Hashempour 1
  • Mehdi Ghazanfari 2
1 PhD, Department of Intelligent systems, Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran.
2 Professor, Department of Intelligent systems, Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Due to the important environmental effects on human life and the conflict between the mining process and environmental factors, the enactment of protectionist environmental laws in the mining industry has received extensive attention particularly in countries with high mineral potential. In this regard, this study developed a novel conceptual framework to identify the environmental protection laws in Iran by considering the mining environmental laws and regulations in different countries such as Australia, Chile, India, Turkey, Canada, South Africa, and China. This helps to apply the experiences of the abovementioned countries in resolving similar conflicts in Iran's mining industry. The environmental protection laws were selected based on their legislation background in the field of mining, participation in environmental treaties, success in the field of mining trade, and pioneering in the revision of mining laws. The proposed framework demonstrated that Iran’s mining environmental laws require revision and more transparency to avoid ambiguity and conflict with mining property laws and governmental rights.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Mining industry
  • Environmental laws
  • Governance
  • Government roles
  • Conceptual framework
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