Optimal Stochastic Multi-Layer Control for Voltage and Frequency Stabilization in Islanded Multi Microgrids Power System



Abstract

This paper introduces an adaptive hierarchical control system based on Type-2 Fuzzy Logic for multi-microgrid power systems, focusing on minimizing voltage and frequency deviations. The control system comprises two levels: a decentralized local controller for battery charge and grid voltage regulation and a centralized Type-2 Fuzzy Logic controller. The design employs a roulette wheel mechanism, probability density functions for scenario selection, a novel weighted objective function, and a modified Big Bang-Big Crunch (MHBB-BC) optimization algorithm for high accuracy in complex problems. Simulation results analyzed in three phases highlight the MHBB-BC algorithm as the top performer, demonstrating superior accuracy and minimal deviation compared to other methods. Specifically, the proposed Stochastic Multi-Layer Control (SMLC) outperformed other control methods, achieving higher average voltages and a more stable frequency across various scenarios, including normal load variations and conditions with uncertainties. During extreme load changes, SMLC displayed the least voltage dip and fastest recovery, while AMFC experienced significant oscillations. The study suggests future research should focus on multi-objective controller designs to further enhance the resilience and power quality of microgrids under diverse operating conditions.