فصلنامه علمی کارافن

فصلنامه علمی کارافن

پاسخ لاین‌های منتخب گندم آبی و رقم تجاری میهن به قطع آبیاری در مرحله پر شدن دانه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی (کاربردی)

نویسندگان
1 دانشکده کشاورزی، آب، غذا و فراسودمندها، واحد مهاباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی
2 دانشکده کشاورزی، آب، غذا و فراسودمندها، واحد مهاباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مهاباد
3 دانشگاه شاهد
4 گروه علوم باغبانی، واحد شیروان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیروان، ایران
چکیده
این پژوهش با هدف ارزیابی واکنش لاین‌های منتخب گندم آبی و رقم تجاری میهن به تنش خشکی ترمینال (قطع آبیاری در مرحله پر شدن دانه) در سال زراعی ۱۴۰۲-۱۴۰۳ در اراضی بوکان (اقلیم معتدل-سرد) انجام شد. آزمایش در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با آرایش کرت‌های خردشده و سه تکرار اجرا گردید. عامل اصلی شامل دو سطح آبیاری (مطلوب و قطع در پر شدن دانه) و عامل فرعی هفت ژنوتیپ (شش لاین: ۵۱۱۸، ۵۲۰۹، ۵۰۱۳، ۵۲۱۶، ۵۰۰۵، ۵۲۲۰ و رقم میهن) بود. تنش خشکی بر صفاتی مانند روز تا رسیدگی (p<0.05)، وزن هزار دانه (p<0.05)، عملکرد دانه و تعداد دانه در سنبله (p<0.01) تأثیر معنی‌دار داشت. اثر ژنوتیپ بر همه صفات جز شاخص برداشت معنی‌دار بود (p<۰.۰۱). لاین ۵۰۰۵ با عملکرد دانه ۹۲۱۳ کیلوگرم بر هکتار (مطلوب) و ۹۰۴۴ کیلوگرم بر هکتار (تنش)، تعداد دانه در سنبله ۶۴-۶۶، STI =۹۱۴۰ و GMP =7/9176، مقاوم‌ترین ژنوتیپ شناسایی شد. لاین ۵۲۱۶ کمترین کاهش وزن دانه را تحت تنش نشان داد. میانگین کاهش عملکرد دانه 57/1% بود، که بیانگر تفاوت ژنوتیپی در پاسخ به تنش است. لاین ۵۰۰۵ برای کشت در مناطق خشک و برنامه‌های اصلاحی توصیه می‌شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Response of Selected Irrigated Wheat Lines and the Commercial Cultivar Mihan to Terminal Irrigation Cut-Off During Grain Filling period

نویسندگان English

Eesmaeil Nabizadeh 1
Parvaneh Shojaee 2
Khadijeh Ahmadi 3
Ali Ghaderi 4
1 Institute of Agriculture, Water, Food, and Nutraceuticals, Mah.C., Islamic Azad University,
2 Water, Food, and Nutraceuticals, Mah.C., Islamic Azad University, Mahabad
3 Shahed University
4 Department of Horticultural, Shirvan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shirvan, Iran
چکیده English

This study aimed to assess the responses of selected irrigated bread wheat lines and the commercial cultivar Mihan to terminal drought stress (irrigation withholding during grain filling) in the 2023-2024 growing season in Bukan, Iran (temperate-cold climate, annual rainfall 250 mm). The experiment used a randomized complete block design with split-plot arrangement and three replications: main plots were irrigation levels (well-watered vs. cutoff at grain filling), and subplots were seven genotypes (lines 5118, 5209, 5013, 5216, 5005, 5220, and Mihan). Drought stress significantly affected days to maturity and thousand-grain weight (p<0.05), grain yield, and grains per spike (p<0.01). Genotypic effects were significant (p<0.01) for all traits except harvest index. Line 5005 showed the highest grain yield (9213 kg ha⁻¹ well-watered; 9044 kg ha⁻¹ stressed), grains per spike (64-66), stress tolerance index (STI=9140), and geometric mean productivity (GMP=9176.7 kg ha⁻¹), identifying it as the most tolerant and stable genotype. Line 5216 exhibited the least reduction in grain weight under stress. Average grain yield reduction was 1.57%, indicating mild stress impact and genotypic variation in drought response differentiating this from studies reporting 20-30% losses. Line 5005 is recommended for drought-prone cultivation and as a resistant parent in breeding programs.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Terminal drought stress
Wheat breeding lines
Grain yield
Stress tolerance index (STI)
Geometric mean productivity (GMP)
Biological yield
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دوره 22، شماره 4
کشاورزی / هنر و معماری
زمستان 1404
صفحه 140-159

  • تاریخ دریافت 25 مرداد 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری 20 آبان 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش 01 آذر 1404