برساخت مدل آموزش معماری براساس نقش میان‌رشتگی در آموزش

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی (کاربردی)

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه معماری، واحد بین الملل کیش، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کیش، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه معماری، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

3 دانشیار، گروه معماری، واحد تهران، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

الگوی آموزشی نسبتاً بسته، بازنگری‌نشده، به‌روز و بومی نشده، ضعف مدیریتی در پیوند میان دانشگاه، حرفه و پژوهش، به نظر از مهم‌ترین دلایل ناکارآمدی رشته معماری است که می‌تواند با کاربست گفتمان میان‌رشته‌ای، تغییراتی ارزشمند بیابد. در این راستا مسئله‌ای مطرح است که با وجود ساختار دگرگون‌یافته معماری امروز در جهان و ایران، چه راهکارهای برنامه‌ریزی برای افزایش انعطاف‌پذیری و قابلیت خودتنظیمی با تغییرات جامعه و پاسخ‌گویی به نیازهای آنان در آموزش معماری، ضروری هست. به نظر می‌رسد که استفاده از دانش میان‌رشته‌ای، موجب اثربخشی بیشتر میان حوزه‌های دانشی مختلف می‌شود و تأثیر آن در تحول رشته منعکس می‌گردد. روش تحقیق، براساس راهبرد کیفی- کمی است و با استفاده از تحلیل محتوا سعی در معرفی حوزه‌های تأثیرگذار دروس میان‌رشته‌ای در توسعه معماری دارد. در این راستا به تحلیل محتوای برنامه درسی 9 دانشگاه برتر دنیا و مقایسه با دانشگاه‌های ایران و سپس بحث به هدف پیشنهاد ادغام دروس میان‌رشته‌ای (به‌صورت اختیاری و انتخابی) و آموزش معماری می‌پردازد. یافته‌های تحقیق نشان می‌دهد که مطالعات میان‌رشته‌ای در معماری می‌تواند با پیوند میان نیازهای جامعه، پژوهش و آموزش، گنجاندن حوزه‌های دانشی مختلف در محتوای برنامه درسی، در دست‌یابی و برساخت دانش میان‌رشته‌ای که امری در بستر زمان است، با طراحی الگوهای مختلف آموزشی با محوریت میان‌رشتگی و دانش پیش‌زمینه‌ای در حوزه علوم پایه تا حدودی بتواند موجبات پویایی نظام آموزشی، پرورش معماران در حوزه‌های مختلف با ماهیت فرارشته‌ای و در نتیجه موجبات رشد آن در حرفه، آموزش و پژوهش را فراهم کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Constructing an Interdisciplinary Educational Model in Architectural Education

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sara Dashtgard 1
  • Kaveh Bazrafkan 2
  • Heidar Jahanbakhsh 3
1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Architecture, Kish International Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kish, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Architecture, Tehran Branch, Payam-e-Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The relatively closed, unrevised, out of date and non-native educational model, weak management in the link between university, profession and research, seem to be the most important reasons for the inefficiency of the field of architecture that can make valuable changes by applying interdisciplinary discourse. In this regard, the question that arises relates to the necessary planning strategies needed to increase flexibility and self-regulation in response to changes in society and meeting needs in architecture education despite the transformed structure of architecture today in the world and Iran.  It seems that the use of interdisciplinary knowledge leads to greater effectiveness among different fields of knowledge and its impact is reflected in the evolution of the field. The research method was based on a qualitative-quantitative strategy and attempts to introduce the effective areas of interdisciplinary courses in architectural development by using content analysis. In this regard, it analyzed the content of the curriculum of the top 9 universities in the world and compared it with those of Iranian universities, recommending the integration of interdisciplinary courses (optional and elective) and architecture education. Research findings show that interdisciplinary studies in architecture can, by linking the needs of society, research and education, the inclusion of different areas of knowledge in the content of the curriculum, achieve and build interdisciplinary knowledge that is a matter of time. By designing different educational models with a focus on interdisciplinary and background knowledge in the field of basic sciences can to some extent cause the dynamics of the educational system, training architects in various fields with interdisciplinary nature and thus provide its growth in profession, education and research.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Architectural education
  • Interdisciplinary knowledge
  • Curriculum content
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