تبیین مؤلفه‌های احساس امنیت در پیشگیری از جرم در طراحی‌ شهری (نمونه موردی: خیابان اصلی رجایی‌شهر کرج)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی (کاربردی)

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مهندسی و معماری، دانشکده معماری، واحد چالوس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، چالوس، ایران .

2 دانشیار، گروه معماری و شهرسازی، دانشکده شهرسازی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

3 استادیار، گروه مهندسی و معماری، دانشکده معماری، واحد چالوس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، چالوس، ایران.

4 استادیار، گروه جامعه‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد چالوس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، چالوس، ایران .

چکیده

یکی از ضرورت‌های طراحی شهری، توجه به مقوله پیشگیری از وقوع جرم از طریق طراحی محیطی و اجرای صحیح آن است که ماحصل این مهم، ارتقای کیفیت فضای شهری، سطح رفاه مادی و روانی جامعه می‌باشد. جامعه‌ای که بستر شکل‌گیری هویت، فرهنگ و رفتار افراد است و اگر امنیت و احساس امنیت، به‌درستی در آن نقش‌آفرینی نکند، شاهد انحرافات و کج‌روی‌ها در افراد جامعه و به‌نوعی تضعیف زیرساخت‌های اجتماعی خواهیم بود. از این‌رو با توجه به گسترش جرایم در کشور که فضای شهری و طراحی کالبدی در آن نقش به‌سزایی ایفا می‌کند، این مقاله سعی دارد تا موضوع پیشگیری از جرم را با رویکرد تبیین مؤلفه‌های امنیت در طراحی محیطی، با روش توصیفی- تحلیلی، به‌وسیله مشاهدات‌ میدانی در خیابان اصلی منطقه رجایی‌شهر شهرکرج بررسی کند. تحلیل صورت گرفته مبتنی بر تصاویر، آزمون رگرسیون چندمتغیره و فن‌ افتراق معنایی، با استفاده از خروجی داده‌ها در نرم‌افزار «اس.‌پی.‌اس.‌اس[1]» است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد مؤلفه‌های استخراج شده در بُعد‌ طراحی محیطی پیشگیرانه از جرم (سی.پی.تی.ای.دی[2]) و در بُعد‌ امنیت، بیشتر از میانه تئوری تحلیل انجام شده می‌باشد و به‌نوعی عوامل بحرانی محسوب می‌شوند که باید به آن‌ها در طراحی شهری (با تأکید بر منطقه موردمطالعه) به‌منظور نیل به محیطی امن، توجه ویژه کرد.
 
[1] Statstical Package for the Social Science (SPSS)
[2] Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED)

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Explaining the Components of Feeling Safe in Crime Prevention in Urban Design (Case Study: Rajai Main Street, Karaj)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Reza Dorostan 1
  • Hossein Zabihi 2
  • Ali Asgharzadeh 3
  • Marziyeh Gorji Poshti 4
1 PhD Student, Department of Engineering and Architecture, Faculty of Architecture, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalous, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Faculty of Urban Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Engineering and Architecture, Faculty of Architecture, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalous, Iran.
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Faculty of Humanities, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalous, Iran.
چکیده [English]

One of the necessities of urban design is to pay attention to crime prevention through environmental design and its proper implementation, resulting in the improvement of the quality of urban space, the level of material and psychological well-being of society. Society is the bedrock of the formation of identity, culture and behavior of individuals, and if security and the sense of security do not play an appropriate role in it, it will lead to deviations in individuals and a kind of weakening of social infrastructure. Therefore, taking into consideration the spread of crime in the country where urban space and its physical design have played a significant role, this article attempts to address the issue of crime prevention by explaining the security components in environmental design through descriptive-analytical methods and observations on the main street of Rajai Shahr area of ​​Karaj city. Image-based analysis, multivariate regression test and semantic differentiation technique were used with data output in SPSS software. The results illustrate that components extracted in the dimension of crime prevention design (CPTED) and in the dimension of security were more than the middle of the theory of analysis and are regarded critical factors that should be paid special attention to in urban design (with emphasis on the study area) to achieve a safe environment. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Security
  • CPTED
  • Urban design
  • Crime reduction
  • Karaj

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فصلنامه علمی کارافن
دوره 18، ویژه نامه 1 - شماره پیاپی 54
عمران، هنر و معماری/ علوم پایه
شهریور 1400
صفحه 77-93

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 04 بهمن 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 01 اردیبهشت 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 27 اردیبهشت 1400

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