بررسی وضعیت زیست‌پذیری شهری در مناطق شهری از دیدگاه شهروندان (مطالعه موردی: مناطق هشت‌گانه کلان‌شهر کرمانشاه)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی (کاربردی)

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه محیط زیست، واحد رودهن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رودهن، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه محیط زیست، واحد رودهن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رودهن، ایران.

چکیده

امروزه، رشد جمعیت شهری و مشکلات متعدد شهرها، توجه به کیفیت زندگی و نیازهای شهروندان را حیاتی کرده است. رویکرد زیست‌پذیری با شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر ناپایداری توسعه شهری، راهکار مناسبی برای بهبود کیفیت زندگی شهروندان و بهبود شرایط موجود می‌باشد. در این راستا هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی وضعیت زیست‌پذیری شهری از دیدگاه شهروندان در مناطق هشت‌گانه کلان‌شهر کرمانشاه است. ابزار اولیه پژوهش، پرسش‌نامه می‌باشد که برای تعیین روایی و پایایی آن، از نظر خبرگان و آلفای کرونباخ بهره گرفته شد. به‌منظور تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها از نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخه 21 و Excel و آزمون‌های آماری استفاده گردید. با توجه به اینکه متغیرهای تحقیق از توزیع نرمال، پیروی می‌کردند از آزمون‌های آماری پارامتریک برای تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها استفاده شد. در واقع وضعیت ابعاد سه‌گانه زیست‌پذیری (اجتماعی-فرهنگی، اقتصادی، محیط‌زیستی) با استفاده از آزمون T تک‌نمونه‌ای تعیین گردید. از دیدگاه شهروندان کرمانشاهی، وضعیت زیست‌پذیری تمام مناطق غیر از منطقه چهار، پایینتر از حد متوسط و نامطلوب بوده است. میزان زیست‌پذیری کلی در مناطق هشت‌گانه کرمانشاه به ترتیب: منطقه چهار> منطقه هفت> منطقه پنج> منطقه یک> منطقه شش> منطقه دو> منطقه هشت> منطقه سه بوده است. بررسی ابعاد سه‌گانه زیست‌پذیری نشان داد که بُعد اجتماعی- فرهنگی نسبت به ابعاد، وضعیت بهتری را دارد اما ابعاد اقتصادی و محیط‌زیستی، پایین‌تر از حد متوسط و دارای وضعیت نامطلوبی بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Situation of Urban Livability in Urban Districts from the Viewpoint of Citizens (Case Study: Eight Districts of Kermanshah Metropolis)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mostafa Sahebi 1
  • Maryam Farahani 2
  • Saeed Motahari 2
1 PhD Student, Department of Environment, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Environment, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Today, the growth of urban populations and the numerous problems of cities have made it vital to pay attention to the quality of life and the needs of citizens. The livability approach by identifying the factors affecting the instability of urban development is a good solution for improving quality of life of citizens and existing conditions. In this regard, the purpose of this study was to investigate the situation of urban livability from the viewpoint of citizens in the eight metropolitan areas of Kermanshah. The primary research tool was a questionnaire that was used to determine its validity and reliability by experts and Cronbach's alpha. SPSS software version 21 and Excel and statistical tests were used to analyze the data. Due to the fact that the research variables followed the normal distribution, parametric statistical tests were used to analyze the data. In fact, the status of the three dimensions of livability (socio-cultural, economic, environmental) was determined using a single-sample t-test. From the point of view of Kermanshahi citizens, the living conditions of all areas except District 4 was below average and unfavorable. The general livability rate in the eight regions of Kermanshah was in the order mentioned: region four> region seven> region-five> region one> region six> region two> region eight> region three. Examination of the three dimensions of livability showed that the socio-cultural dimension was better than other dimensions, but the economic and environmental dimensions were lower than average and had an unfavorable status.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Livability
  • Sustainable Development
  • City
  • Kermanshah
  • Urban Management

مراجع

[1] Adibi, M., Keshavari, Z., & Ghanbari, M. (2014). To study the indicators of quality of life in rural areas: a case study of rural district of Ardestan, Isfahan province. Journal of Urban-Regional Studies and Research, 6(22), 63-182. https://urs.ui.ac. ir/article_20107.html?lang=en
[2] Zhang, X. Q. (2016). The trends, promises and challenges of urbanisation in the world. Habitat international, 54, 241-252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2015.11.018
[3] Economic Research Department. (2018, May 23). Vision of Iran's urban and rural population until 2050. https://tccim.ir/Images/Docs/TCCIMirBizReport_843.pdf
[4] Mansouri, M. (2019). (Explanation of security in urban neighborhoods based on physical indicators and environmental design (Case Study: Ilam city. Karafan Quarterly Scientific Journal, 16(45), 75-92.
[5] Aliakbari, E., & Akbari, M. (2017). Interpretive-structural modeling of the factors that affect the viability of Tehran Metropolis. Spatial Planning, 21(1), 1-31. https://www.sid.ir/en/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=648424
[6] Mohrekesh, R., Saberi, H., Momeni, M., & Azani, M. (2019). Explaining the Effective Factors on Livability of Urban Areas of Isfahan. Geographical Urban Planning Research (GUPR), 7(2), 411-429. https://doi.org/10.22059/JURBANGEO.2019. 276471.1063
[7] Pourjavan, K. (2019). Explanation of Smart City and Urban Smart Transportation Solutions. Karafan Quarterly Scientific Journal, 16(45), 15-34. https://karafan.tvu. ac.ir/article_100529.html?lang=en
[8] Soleimani Mehrenjani, M., Tavallai, S., Rafieian, M., Zanganeh, A., & Khazaei Nezhad, F. (2016). Urban livability: the concept, principles, aspects and parameters. Geographical Urban Planning Research (GUPR), 4(1), 27-50. https://doi.org/10. 22059/JURBANGEO.2016.58120
[9] Zhan, D., Kwan, M.-P., Zhang, W., Fan, J., Yu, J., & Yunxiao, D. (2018). Assessment and determinants of satisfaction with urban livability in China. Cities, 79, 92-101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2018.02.025
[10] Jome’epour, M., Motiee Langerudi, S. H., Hajihosseini, S., & Salami Beirami, A. (2018). A Survey of the Environmental Effects on the Livability of Rural Areas (Case Study: Villages of Buin Zahra County). Journal of Research and Rural Planning, 7(1), 39-56. https://doi.org/10.22067/jrrp.v5i4.62494
[11] Faiz, A., Faiz, A., Wang, W., & Bennett, C. (2012). Sustainable rural roads for livelihoods and livability. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 53, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.854
[12] Throsby, D. (2005). Cultural heritage as financial asset in strategies for urban development and poverty alleviation. International Conference for Integrating Urban Knowledge and Practice, Gothenburg, Sweden.
[13] Majedi, H., & Bandarabad, A. (2014). The Study of the Global and Local Principles of the Livable City. Hoviatshahr, 8(17), 65-76. https://hoviatshahr.srbiau.ac.ir/article _3169.html?lang=en
[14] Isalou, A. A., Bayat, M., & Bahrami, A. (2014). The idea of ​​viability of a new approach to improve the quality of life in rural communities (Case study: Qom city, Kahak district). Housing and Village Environment, 33(146), 107-120. http://jhre.ir/article-1-659-fa.html
[15] Woodward, S. (2013). Material culture. Oxford University Press.
[16] Sofeska, E. (2017). Understanding the livability in a city through smart solutions and urban planning toward developing sustainable livable future of the city of Skopje. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 37, 442-453. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2017.03.014
[17] Baig, F., Rana, I., & Talpur, M. A. H. (2019). Determining Factors Influencing Residents’ Satisfaction Regarding Urban Livability in Pakistan. International Journal of Community Well-Being, 2(4), 91–110. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42413-019-00026-w
[18] Alderton, A., Davern, M., Nitvimol, K., Butterworth, I., Higgs, C., Ryan, E., & Badland, H. (2019). What is the meaning of urban liveability for a city in a low-to-middle-income country? Contextualising liveability for Bangkok, Thailand. Globalization and Health, 15(1), 51. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-019-0484-8
[19] Shao, Q., Weng, S.-S., Liou, J., Lo, H.-W., & Jiang, H. (2019). Developing A Sustainable Urban-Environmental Quality Evaluation System in China Based on A Hybrid Model. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(8), 1434. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16081434
[20] Rahnama, M. R., Ganbari, M., Mohammadi Hamidi, S., & Hosseini, S. M. (2019). Evaluation and measurement of livability in Ahvaz metropolis. Journal of Sustainable City, 2(2), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.22034/JSC.2019.197229.1090
[21] Zanganeh, M., Khavari, A., & Baniasad, T. (2018). Measurement and evaluation of the viability of urban settlements border areas Case Study: Torbat Jam. Sustainable city, 1(2), 31-46. https://doi.org/10.22034/jsc.2018.88228
[22] Taghvaei, M., & Safarabadi, A. (2013). Urban sustainable development and selected variables affecting it (Case of study: The city of Kermanshah). Urban Studies, 3(6), 1-22. https://www.sid.ir/en/Journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=333007
[23] Statistical Center of Iran. (2016). Statistical Population of Kermanshah city. Iran Statistics Center. https://www.amar.org.ir
[24] Yavari, H., Karampour, M., & Yarahmadi, D. (2019). Spatial Analysis of Bioclimatic Vulnerability of Kermanshah Facing Heat Wave. Geography and Sustainability of Environment, 9(1), 37-50. https://doi.org/10.22126/GES.2019.1062
[25] Shahinifar, M., & Charehjoo, F. (2019). The Evaluation of Effective Indicators in the Implementation of Good Urban Governance in Metropolises (Case Study of Kermanshah). Geography and Urban Space Development, 5(2), 201-219. https://doi.org/10.22067/gusd.v5i2.74554
[26] Badland, H., Whitzman, C., Lowe, M., Davern, M., Aye, L., Butterworth, I., Hes, D., & Giles-Corti, B. (2014). Urban liveability: Emerging lessons from Australia for exploring the potential for indicators to measure the social determinants of health. Social Science & Medicine, 111, 64-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.04.003
[27] Howley, P., Scott, M., & Redmond, D. (2009). Sustainability versus liveability: an investigation of neighbourhood satisfaction. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 52(6), 847-864. https://doi.org/10.1080/09640560903083798
[28] Kennedy, R. J., & Buys, L. (2010). Dimensions of liveability: a tool for sustainable cities. SB10mad Sustainable Building Conference. CIB (International Council for Research and Innovation Building and Construction), Madrid, Spain.
[29] Wheeler, S. (2001). Livable communities: Creating safe and livable neighborhoods, towns, and regions in California. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8xf2d6jg
[30] Economist Intelligence Unit. (2011, February). A Summary of the Liveability Ranking and Overview. http://graphics.eiu.com/upload/liveability2011.pdf
[31] Young, E., & Hermanson, V. (2011). Livability Literature Review: A Synthesis of Current Practice. U. S. D. o. T. The National Association of Regional Councils, Federal Highway Administration. http://www.reconnectingamerica.org/assets/ Uploads/20121018Livability-Report-FINAL.pdf
[32] Victorian Competition and Efficiency Commission. (2008, May). A state of liveability: an inquiry into enhancing Victoria’s liveability.
[33] Malek Hosseini, A., & Malekpour, M. (2017). Viability assessment of Kermanshah city. Geography, Civil Engineering, Urban Planning and Architecture 20(1). https://civilica.com/doc/600660/
[34] Sasanpour, F., Tavalaie, S., & Jafari Asasabadi, H. (2014). Livability of cities in sustainable urban development case study: Tehran Metropolis. Geography, 12(42), 129-157. https://www.sid.ir/en/Journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=420051
[35] Sasanpour, F., Tavalaie, S., & Jafari Asadabadi, H. (2015). Study of urban livability in twenty-two districts of Tehran metropolitan. Regional Planning,, 5(18), 27-42. http://jzpm.miau.ac.ir/article_766.html?lang=en#:~:text=The%20results%20showed%20that%20among,were%20the%20most%20viable%20areas.
[36] Rakhshani Nasab, H. R., & Nayeri, N. (2018). Assessing the Status of Urban Viability Indicators from the Citizen's Point of View (Case Study: Five Districts of Zahedan City). Geography and Territorial Spatial Arrangement, 8(27), 55-74. https://doi. org/10.22111/GAIJ.2018.4090
[37] Mousavi Noor, S. A., Varesi, H. R., & Mohammadi, J. (2017). Presenting a Combined Viability Model of Tehran Metropolis Based on Infrastructure Indicators. Geography, 15 (53), 204-181. https://www.sid.ir/en/Journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=545477
[38] Bikdeli, S., Shafaghi, S., & Vosoughi, F. (2018). Presentation of a Strategic Model for Achieving Urban Sustainable Development in Mashhad Metropolis. Geographical Researches Quarterly Journal, 32(4), 12-29. https://doi.org/10.29252/geores.32.4.12
فصلنامه علمی کارافن
دوره 18، ویژه نامه 1 - شماره پیاپی 54
عمران، هنر و معماری/ علوم پایه
شهریور 1400
صفحه 59-75

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 21 دی 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 15 اسفند 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 24 فروردین 1400

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار