Karafan Journal

Karafan Journal

The Study and Investigation of Pirnia's Theory of Kermani Roon through Examining the Optimal Orientation in Architecture and Urban Planning of Kerman

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Tahmineh Hoseini 1
Majid Hajizadeh Javaran 2
1 Faculty Member, Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Technical and Vocational University (TVU), Tehran, Iran.
2 Master of Science in Urban Design , Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran.
10.48301/kssa.2022.321416.1917
Abstract
Architectural Roon -the orientation of a city and its buildings- is an important theory by Pirnia, who believed that the traditional architecture of Kerman is built on a specific orientation due to its climate and medical and geographical conditions. The purpose of this study was to investigate and verify the cognition of this theory as well as comprehend the traditional architecture of Kerman from this point of view. It also aimed to study the climate of the city and to find the perfect orientation for architecture and urbanism of Kerman. The main question of the study was to determine whether the traditional architecture and urbanism of Kerman is based on the Roon introduced by Pirnia. To answer the question, firstly, this theory and the importance of orientation in sustainable architecture and optimization of energy consumption were explained and expanded, and then the climate of Kerman and the frequency of traditional houses in the mentioned orientation using quantitative method were studied. The results indicated that the Roon which Pirnia considered for the city -the east-west stretch- was low frequency, and the majority of the buildings were close to what he called Roon of Isfahan -the northwest-southeast stretch- which simultaneously provides buildings with suitable sunlight on the sunny front in winter and protects the winter-living room from the unpleasant, cold and dusty wind from southwest. This orientation in plans has provided the possibility of desired location of the used areas during warm seasons towards the pleasant seasonal prevailing wind. 
Keywords
Orientation
Kermani Roon
Stretch
Sunny Front
Traditional Architecture of Kerman
Blind side of Buildings
Subjects
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Karafan Journal
Volume 19, Issue 4 - Serial Number 60
Art and Architecture | Agriculture
Winter 2023
Pages 67-90

  • Receive Date 02 January 2022
  • Revise Date 02 July 2022
  • Accept Date 23 July 2022