The effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on crown and root rot disease of bean caused by Rhizoctonia solani

Moosavian Jadval Ghadam, Moslem; Ghanaei, Sedighe; Shadmand, Mohsen

doi:10.48301/kssa.2024.418526.2720

The effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on crown and root rot disease of bean caused by Rhizoctonia solani

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Moslem Moosavian Jadval Ghadam ¹

Sedighe Ghanaei ²

Mohsen Shadmand ³

¹ Lorestan University

² Faculty member of the Department of Agricultural Sciences, Technical and Vocational University, Tehran, Iran

³ 0

10.48301/kssa.2024.418526.2720

Abstract

In this study, the effects of mycorrhizal fungi Glomus intraradices, Glomus mosseae and Glomus rubi, which are important members of the rhizosphere microflora and have biological control against plant diseases, were examined against R. solani. For this purpose, the mycorrhizal fungi were extended to corn roots. Then the effect of these biological factors on plant indicators and the severity of R. solani fungus damage on bean plants in greenhouse conditions was evaluated in a completely randomised design with nine treatments and four replications. The results suggest that arbuscular mycorrhizal compounds significantly reduce root rot disease in beans. So the best treatment for increasing plant indices were all treatments containing G. mosseae and the combination of all biological agents treatment. The combination of all biological agents treatment, with 39.50% incidence, 36.25% severity and 53% disease control, had the greatest biocontrol effects on the disease. The study findings indicate that effective combinations of these biocontrol agents can facilitate plant growth and health.

Keywords

Biological control

Root symbiosis

Glomus sp

Damping off

Subjects

Agricultural engineering

[1] Schurt, D. A., Cruz, M. F., Nascimento, K. J., Filippi, M. C., & Rodrigues, F. A. (2014). Silicon potentiates the activities of defense enzymes in the leaf sheaths of rice plants infected by Rhizoctonia solani. Tropical Plant Pathology, 39(6), 457-463. https://doi. org/10.1590/S1982-56762014000600007

[2] Azad Disfani, F., Rohani, H., Falahati Rastegar, M., & Mahdikhani Moghaddam, E. (2014). Defense responses of cotton seedling to Trichoderma elicitors. Iranian Journal of Cotton Researches, 2(1), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.22092/ijcr.2014.100641

[3] Foroughi, M., Mohammadi, S., & Ghasemi, A. (2013). Antifungal activity of five medical herbs on the plant pathogenic fungus Rhizoctonia solani. Journal of Microbial World, 5(3 & 4), 115-121. https://www.sid.ir/paper/189185/en

[4] Kazemzadeh, M., Roustaii, A., Padasht Dehkaei, F., & Khodakaramian, K. (2012). Study of Biological Control of Rice Sheath Blight Caused by Rhizoctonia solani with Some Antagonistic Bacteria in the Guilan Province. Journal of Iranian Plant Protection Research, 26(1), 44-54. https://doi.org/10.22067/jpp.v26i1.12685

[5] Harrier, L. A., & Watson, C. A. (2004). The potential role of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in the bioprotection of plants against soil‐borne pathogens in organic and/or other sustainable farming systems. Pest Management Science: formerly Pesticide Science, 60(2), 149-157. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.820

[6] Jeffries, P., Gianinazzi, S., Perotto, S., Turnau, K., & Barea, J-M. (2003). The contribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in sustainable maintenance of plant health and soil fertility. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 37(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-002-0546-5

[7] Chen, J.-H. (2006). The combined use of chemical and organic fertilizers and/or biofertilizer for crop growth and soil fertility. International Workshop on Sustained Management of the Soil-Rhizosphere System for Efficient Crop Production and Fertilizer use, 16(20), 1-11. https://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/doi/full/10.5555/20083100590

[8] Abdel-Fattah, G., & Shabana, Y. (2002). Efficacy of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus clarum in protection of cowpea plants against root rot pathogen Rhizoctonia solani. Zeitschrift für Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz/Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 10(2), 207-215. https://www.jstor.org/stable/43216197

[9] Matsubara, Y., Ohba, N., & Fukui, H. (2001). Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus infection on the incidence of Fusarium root rot in asparagus seedlings. Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science, 70(2), 202-206. https://doi.org/10.2503/ jjshs.70.202

[10] Gerdemann, J., & Nicolson, T. H. (1963). Spores of mycorrhizal Endogone species extracted from soil by wet sieving and decanting. Transactions of the British Mycological society, 46(2), 235-244. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-1536(63)80079-0

[11] Jenkins, W. (1964). A rapid centrifugal-flotation technique for separating nematodes from soil. Plant Disease Reporter, 48(9), 692. https://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/doi/full/10. 5555/19650801105

[12] Rosewarne, G., Barker, S., & Smith, S. (1997). Production of near-synchronous fungal colonization in tomato for developmental and molecular analyses of mycorrhiza. Mycological Research, 101(8), 966-970. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0953756297003626

[13] Gaur, A., & Adholeya, A. (2002). Arbuscular-mycorrhizal inoculation of five tropical fodder crops and inoculum production in marginal soil amended with organic matter. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 35(3), 214-218. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-002-0457-5

[14] Sohrabi, M., Mohammadi, H., & Mohammadi, A. H. (2014). Effects of two arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Glomus mussae and Glomus intraradices on pea root rot disease caused by Fusarium solani f. sp. pisi under greenhouse conditions. Biological Control of Pests and Plant Diseases, 2(2), 129-137. https://doi.org/10.22059/jbioc.2014.51685

[15] Pal, K., Tilak, K., Saxcna, A., Dey, R., & Singh, C. (2001). Suppression of maize root diseases caused by Macrophomina phaseolina, Fusarium moniliforme and Fusarium graminearum by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria. Microbiological Research, 156(3), 209-223. https://doi.org/10.1078/0944-5013-00103

[16] Parimala, D., & Marimuthu, P. (2011). Effect of botanical formulation of Polygonum minus (P-40) on control of Alternaria solani. Journal of Plant Pathology & Microbiology, 2, 1-5. https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7471.1000104

[17] Choudhary, S. R., & Sindhu, S. S. (2015). Suppression of Rhizoctonia solani root rot disease of clusterbean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) and plant growth promotion by rhizosphere bacteria. Plant Pathology Journal (Faisalabad), 14(2), 48-57. https://doi.org/10.3923/ ppj.2015.48.57

[18] Samavat, S., Ahmadzadeh, M., & Behboudi, K. (2011). Rhizobium spp. Isolates as Biocontrol Agents of Bean Damping-off, Caused by Rhizoctonia solani. Iranian Journal of Plant Protection Science, 42(2), 295-301. https://doi.org/10.22059/ijpps.2012.24337

[19] Abdel-Monaim, M., El-Morsi, M., & Hassan, M. (2014). Control of root rot and wilt disease complex of some evergreen fruit transplants by using plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in the New Valley Governorate, Egypt. Journal of Phytopathol. Pest Manag, 1(3), 23-33. https://www.aun.edu.eg/agriculture/control-root-rot-and-wilt-disea se-complex-some-evergreen-fruit-transplants-using-plant-growth

[20] Pung, H., Cross, S., Keller, K. O., & Mckay, A. (2007). Investigations on Rhizoctonia solani in cropping soils and vegetable crops. Project HVG05090. https://www.ausvegvic.com. au/pdf/r%26d_VG05090_Rhizoctonia_article_2007.pdf

[21] Smith, S. E., & Read, D. J. (2010). Mycorrhizal Symbiosis (3 ed.). Academic Press. https:// books.google.com/books?id=qLciOJaG0C4C

[22] Al-Karaki, G. N., & Hammad, R. (2001). Mycorrhizal influence on fruit yield and mineral content of tomato grown under salt stress. Journal of plant nutrition, 24(8), 1311-1323. https://doi.org/10.1081/PLN-100106983

[23] Norman, J., & Hooker, J. E. (2000). Sporulation of Phytophthora fragariae shows greater stimulation by exudates of non-mycorrhizal than by mycorrhizal strawberry roots. Mycological Research, 104(9), 1069-1073. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0953756299002191

[24] Chandanie, W., Kubota, M., & Hyakumachi, M. (2005). Interaction between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae and plant growth promoting fungus Phoma sp. on their root colonization and growth promotion of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Mycoscience, 46(3), 201-204. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10267-005-0230-3

[25] Guenoune, D., Galili, S., Phillips, D. A., Volpin, H., Chet, I., Okon, Y., & Kapulnik, Y. (2001). The defense response elicited by the pathogen Rhizoctonia solani is suppressed by colonization of the AM-fungus Glomus intraradices. Plant Science, 160(5), 925-932. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9452(01)00329-6

[26] Tang, M., Zhang, R.-Q., Chen, H., Zhang, H.-H., & Tian, Z.-Q. (2008). Induced hydrolytic enzymes of ectomycorrhizal fungi against pathogen Rhizoctonia solani. Biotechnology Letters, 30(10), 1777-1782. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-008-9760-z

[27] Singh, K. (2011). Organic amendments to soil inoculated arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Pseudomonas fluorescens treatments reduce the development of root-rot disease and enhance the yield of Phaseolus vulgaris L. European Journal of Soil Biology, 47(5), 288-295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2011.07.002

[28] Guillon, C., St-Arnaud, M., Hamel, C., & Jabaji-Hare, S. (2002). Differential and systemic alteration of defence-related gene transcript levels in mycorrhizal bean plants infected with Rhizoctonia solani. Canadian Journal of Botany, 80(3), 305-315. https://doi.org/ 10.1139/b02-015

[29] Pozo, M. J., Cordier, C., Dumas‐Gaudot, E., Gianinazzi, S., Barea, J. M., & Azcón‐Aguilar, C. (2002). Localized versus systemic effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on defence responses to Phytophthora infection in tomato plants. Journal of experimental botany, 53(368), 525-534. https://doi.org/10.1093/jexbot/53.368.525

[30] Linderman, R. G. (2000). Effects of Mycorrhizas on Plant Tolerance to Diseases. In Y. Kapulnik & D. D. Douds (Eds.), Arbuscular Mycorrhizas: Physiology and Function (pp. 345-365). Springer Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0776-3_15

[31] Hol, W. G., & Cook, R. (2005). An overview of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi–nematode interactions. Basic and Applied Ecology, 6(6), 489-503. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae. 2005.04.001

[32] Abdel-Fattah, G., El-Haddad, S., Hafez, E., & Rashad, Y. (2011). Induction of defense responses in common bean plants by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Microbiological research, 166(4), 268-281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2010.04.004